Human understanding of the universe is undergoing a profoundparadigm shiftIn the era of classical mechanics, the universe was viewed as a mechanical 'clockwork' that perpetually cycles once its initial parameters are set, with space merely a silent container for matter. Yet,dialectical systems viewthis dialectical systems view heralds the decline of such metaphysical naturalism.

1. The Universe as a 'Collection of Processes'

More than a century ago, the dialectical view of nature foresaw that the world is not a collection of fixed entities, but rathera collection of processes. Modern cosmology confirms this conclusion: namely thatthe observed universe is an organic whole composed of numerous hierarchical and diverse structures. It is no longer a static backdrop, but a dynamic evolving cosmos progressing from simplicity to complexity and from uniformity to structuredynamic evolving universe.

2. Core Principles of the Dialectical Systems View

• System Ontology: Nature exists in the form of systems. Whether microscopic particles or macroscopic galaxies, they are interconnected wholes, mutually dependent on one another.
• Unity of Space and Time: The dialectical systems view holds that space and time are not independent frameworks external to matter, but rather forms of existence for systems in motion.
• Infinite Evolution: The motion of matter within space and time follows laws, and structural hierarchies evolve infinitely in both quantity and quality.

Modern cosmology, in fact, studies the entire observed universe as an evolving system — a process ensemble — which signifies thatthe dialectical systems view represents the general framework for the existence and evolution of natural systems, and has become the foundation of contemporary science.